Memory loss is often closely associated with dementia, but recent studies have shown that changes in a person’s movements, such as walking pace and sense of direction, can also be early indicators of the disease. Research has revealed that individuals with dementia may struggle with maintaining balance and avoiding obstacles while walking, leading to changes in their gait. A worsening sense of direction and taking wrong turns can especially be indicative of Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form of dementia. Additionally, walking slowly, taking smaller steps, and experiencing changes in arm swing while walking have been linked to cognitive decline.
One study found that individuals with early-stage Alzheimer’s tended to overestimate turns and had difficulty in retracing their steps due to a worsened sense of direction. This is not just because of memory loss, but also a distorted perception of the world around them. Research suggests that people with dementia may see objects as 3D when they are actually 2D, leading to confusion and altered walking patterns. Another study involving over 17,000 adults over the age of 65 found that a decline in walking speed of five percent or more annually was associated with a higher risk of developing dementia.
People with dementia have been shown to take smaller strides and have a wider gait while walking, potentially due to a lack of confidence in their ability to navigate their surroundings. Experts suggest that these altered walking patterns may be related to balance and coordination issues that arise as cognitive abilities decline. Furthermore, reduced arm swing while walking has also been identified as an early warning sign of dementia. Those with the condition may keep their arms closer to their bodies in an effort to maintain balance and stability while in motion.
To reduce the risk of developing dementia, lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, moderation in alcohol consumption, smoking cessation, participation in social activities, management of health conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes, and protection of eyesight and hearing are recommended. Traumatic brain injuries, which can occur due to accidents, have also been linked to an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease, underscoring the importance of wearing helmets and taking precautions to prevent head injuries. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and addressing risk factors early on can help lower the likelihood of developing dementia in later life.
Dementia is a progressive condition that impacts memory, cognition, and decision-making, leading to difficulties in daily functioning for individuals affected by the disease. With over 900,000 people living with dementia in the UK alone, and Alzheimer’s disease accounting for a majority of dementia cases, it is crucial to recognize early signs and seek timely diagnosis and treatment. Late diagnosis can result in missed opportunities for intervention and planning for the future, highlighting the importance of early detection and ongoing research efforts to better understand and manage dementia. As the population ages, the prevalence of dementia is expected to rise, making it essential to prioritize preventive measures and comprehensive care for those affected by the condition.
